WP1 - Mass Flow
The objective of WP1 is to establish a mass flow of selected hazardous substances in sludge and e-waste plastic in Norway, considering environmental emissions from the status quo. The aim is to understand the status quo and framework for hazardous substances within sewage sludge and e-waste in Norway.
Task 1.1 Mass flow of sludge and e-waste
The mass flow of sludge and e-waste according to the Figure 1 will be established. The amount of sewage sludge generated in Norway is collected centrally by the National Statistics Bureau (SSB). Not so clear is the amount of sludge generated for biogas production, however, members of the user group are involved in this sector (WP4) and can help supply data.
E-waste mass flows have been established previously by members of this consortium (Ref.14) and this will be adapted here. The mass flow model will be developed using dedicated software, such as STAN (substance flow Analysis). The model will be robust to account for current and potential future changes in management strategies.
Task 1.2 Current state of hazardous substances
The following hazardous substances will be mapped on to the mass flow presented in Task 1.1. This will involve sampling from the inventories presented:
- organophosphate and brominated flame retardants (OFRs and BFRs)
- phthalates; bisphenols and benzophenones; benzotriazoles and
- benzothiazoles
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)
- toxic metals (e.g. cadmium, mercury) and microplastics.
This data will be obtained through a literature search of Norwegian surveys (including consultancy reports provided by the user group in WP4), and chemical analysis at NTNU, CSIC and NGI. Samples needed will be available through the user group (WP4).
